Kusanthula mfundo yogwira ntchito yagalimoto yopepuka

Mu njira zamakono zamagetsi zowunikira, Kuwala kwa magalimoto kumathandizanso. Sizongowakomera chitonthozo choyendetsa komanso kuchirikiza chitetezo. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za ntchito yagalimoto yopepuka yamagalimoto mwatsatanetsatane, kuphimba kapangidwe kake, kugwiritsa ntchito makina, kuwongolera dongosolo, ndi magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana.

1. Kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe kake

Magawo a core agalimoto owala amaphatikiza:

- Mota: Nthawi zambiri: nthawi zambiri ndimagalimoto yaying'ono ya DC, yomwe imayambitsa kusinthika ndi kuwala kwa kuwalako.

- Wowongolera Wowongolera: Chigawo chamagetsi (ecu) chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulandira zizindikiro kuchokera kwa driver ndikuwongolera mota kuti achite zosintha zofananira.

- Sensor: Amagwiritsa ntchito kuti adziwe kukula kwamphamvu kwambiri komanso ngodya yagalimoto kuti musinthe magetsi.

- Kulumikizana: Kulumikizana kwamakina ogwiritsira ntchito makina amagwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa molojekiti ya molor kuti musunthidwe kosintha.

- Mphamvu yamagetsi: imapereka magetsi okhazikika, omwe amathandizidwa ndi batire komanso dongosolo lagalimoto.

2. Kugwira Mfundo

Mfundo yogwira ntchito yamagalimoto yowala yagalimoto imatha kugawidwa m'njira zotsatirazi:

2.1

Makina oledzera amachepetsa malangizowo kudzera mu kusintha kwagalimoto (monga knob kapena batani pa chiwongolero chowongolera). Malangizo aku Dimemin kuphatikiza kuwala kopepuka, kusintha kowonjezereka, kukwera kwambiri komanso kotsika kwambiri, ndi zina zotere.

2.2 Kuwongolera Kusanja

Pambuyo polandila malo oyendetsa madalaikitala, woyang'anira divenimine woyamba amayamba kukonza chizindikiro. Izi zikuphatikiza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa malo omwe alipo, kuthamanga kwa galimotoyo, thupi lagalimoto lagalimoto, etc. Izi zimathandiza wowongolera apangitse Wowongolera akupanga zosankha zoyenera.

2.3 Motor

Woyang'anira amapanga malangizo olamulira ndipo amawatumiza kumagalimoto kutengera zizindikiro zokonzedwa. Magalimoto amatenga kuzungulira kapena kusuntha kwa mzere malinga ndi malangizo, ndipo kuwalako ndi ngodya za kuwalako kumasinthidwa kudzera mu njira yolumikizira. Mwachitsanzo, poyendetsa ndege yothamanga kwambiri usiku, mota amasintha ngodya ya mtengo waukulu wowonjezera mawonekedwe a mseu.

2.4 sensor mayankho

Sensor woyang'anitsitsa wozungulira ndi mawonekedwe agalimoto munthawi yeniyeni ndipo amadyetsa deta yobwerera ku Woyang'anira. Woyang'anira molingana ndi kusintha kwa sensor deta kuti kuwoneka bwino ndi kuwunika kwa kuwalako nthawi zonse kumakhala kovuta. Zomvera wamba zimaphatikizapo:

- Sensor yowala: imazindikira kukula kwa malo ozungulira komanso kumathandiza kuti dongosolo lizisintha kuwala pansi pamagetsi osiyanasiyana.

- Senerline sensor: imazindikira kumeza kwagalimoto kuti muchepetse magetsi kuti asayipitse magalimoto obwera kapena akuwunikira madera osayenera.

2.5 kusintha kwamphamvu

Pa kuyendetsa kwenikweni, liwiro lagalimoto, mikhalidwe ya misewu ndi malo oyandikana imasintha mosalekeza. Olamulira oyendetsa anthu amafunika kusintha mopitirira mu kusintha kumeneku. Mwachitsanzo, galimoto ikalowa m'mphepete, sensaor imazindikira kuchepa kwadzidzidzi, ndipo wowongolera nthawi yomweyo amaphunzitsa mota kuti awonjezere kuwalako.

3. Makina Oseketsa

Magalimoto amakono akutenga njira zodzichepetsera zokhazokha, zololeza magalimoto owala agalimoto kuti azisintha magetsi molingana ndi kusintha kwachilengedwe. Ntchito ya dongosolo lino ili motere:

3.1

Dongosolo lokhalo lokhalo mosalekeza mosalekeza oyang'anira, kuwala kwa nyengo ndi nyengo. Ma eyiti ndi masensa amvula ndi zida wamba.

3.2 kusanthula kwa data

Woyang'anira amasanthula detar deta, kuphatikiza ndi kuthamanga kwa magalimoto ndi kuwongolera, kuti mudziwe zosintha bwino. Mwachitsanzo, poyendetsa usiku, makinawo adzasinthiratu, ndipo galimoto yomwe ikubwera itapezeka, imangobwerera ku mtengo wotsika.

3.3 Kupha

Kutengera ndi zomwe akuwunika, wowongolera amatumiza malangizo kwa mota kuti asinthe kuwala ndi kuwunika kwa kuwalako. Njira yonseyo ikuthamanga komanso yosalala, kuwonetsetsa kuti dalaivala amakhala ndi malingaliro abwino popanda kusokoneza ogwiritsa ntchito pamsewu wina.

4. chitetezo ndi malamulo

Mapangidwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto agalimoto yopepuka amayenera kutsatira miyezo yayikulu yachitetezo ndi malamulo. Mwachitsanzo, pamsika waku Europe, ECE REP Kutsatira mfundo izi kudzathandiza kukonza chitetezo cha panjira ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yakuwala kwa oyendetsa ena.

5. Kukula kwaukadaulo ndi zochitika zamtsogolo

Tekinoloje yaukadaulo yamagalimoto, magalimoto owoneka bwino amapitilirabe. Makhalidwe amtsogolo akuphatikiza:

- Kuwala Kwanzeru: Kuphatikiza luso lanzeru ndi makina ophunzirira makina kuti apititse patsogolo luntha la dongosolo lazokhalo.

- Kusintha kwamitu yamiyendo (Afs): kumasintha kowoneka bwino komanso kuwunikira molingana ndi malo oyendetsa galimoto kuti muteteze madzi oyendetsa usiku.

- Kuchepetsa mphamvu: Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikuwongolera mphamvu yonse yagalimoto pogwiritsa ntchito ma motor owongolera komanso ma Algoritithms.

6. Zothandiza Zothandiza

Pamapulogalamu othandiza, magalimoto amachepetsa magalimoto amagwira bwino ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndikuyendetsa. Mwachitsanzo:

- Kuyendetsa Mokulira: Mukamayendetsa pamsewu waukulu, makina owoneka bwino amatha kusintha mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri malinga ndi kuthamanga kwa magalimoto ndi misewu yopumira.

- Kuyendetsa Mzinda: M'madera akumizinda, dongosolo lidzayang'ananso kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi otsika kuti mupewe kumagalimoto ena ndi oyenda pansi.

- Misewu yakumidzi: pamisewu yakumidzi popanda magetsi amsewu, makinawo amasintha kuwala molingana ndi kuwala kozungulira kuti upereke mawonekedwe abwino.

Mapeto

Galimoto yopepuka yagalimoto imawongolera kwambiri zomwe woyendetsa amayendetsa ndikuyendetsa chitetezo pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ake anzeru. Imaphatikiza zabwino zamakina zamakina, zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi kuti zithandizire kusinthika koyenera pamayendedwe osiyanasiyana oyendetsa. Monga momwe ukadaulo ukupitilirabe, titha kuyembekezera mabungwe othandiza komanso othandiza kwambiri kuti ateteze kuyendetsa mtsogolo.